BioBlast®

On 18 April 2024, Takeda announced FDA approval of subcutaneous administration of ENTYVIO® (vedolizumab) for maintaining therapy in adults with moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease (CD).

This follows the FDA’s acceptance of Takeda’s BLA for ENTYVIO® for the same indication, and the FDA’s approval of ENTYVIO® for ulcerative colitis (UC), in September 2023.

Vedolizumab biosimilars have previously been reported to be in development by Polpharma Biologics, Alvotech(under an agreement with Advanz) and Bio-Thera.

On 3 April 2024, Australia’s PBAC published the July 2024 Meeting Agenda.  On the list of drugs seeking to be PBS reimbursed is Sandoz’s high concentration Hyrimoz®, biosimilar to AbbVie’s Humira® (adalimumab).  Hyrimoz® is currently PBS-listed in a 40mg/0.8mL form and reimbursement is now being sought for 20mg/0.2mL, 40mg/0.4ml and 80mg/0.8ml forms.

Sandoz launched its high concentration formulation of Hyrimoz® in Europe in November 2023 and in the US in July 2023.

Also on the PBAC July Agenda are applications for new PBS-listings of:

• Eisai’s Leqembi® (lecanemab) for the treatment of early Alzheimer’s disease and Pfizer’s multiple myeloma treatment Elrexfio® (elranatamab), which are each yet to be TGA-approved; and
• Sanofi’s Beyfortux® (nirsevimab) for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus in babies, approved by the TGA in November 2023.

Roche has applied to PBS-list a new indication (retinal vein occlusion) and new PFS form of its Vabysmo® (faricimab).

BMS is seeking to vary the existing listings for nivolumab and ipilimumab, and Takeda is seeking authority script listing for vedolizumab for continuing treatment of chronic pouchitis.

The reimbursement of Novo Nordisk’s PBS listed Ozempic® (semaglutide) (and other GLP-1 analogues) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus will also be considered.

On 26 February 2024, the results of an 18 month study sponsored by Takeda Pharmaceuticals were published in Crohn’s & Colitis 360.  The study involved 108 patients switched from IV to a subcutaneous vedolizumab.  The results of the study suggested that switching from an intravenous to a subcutaneous treatment of vedolizumab is convenient and safe. 

On 21 February 2023, Polpharma Biologics announced that PB016 (vedolizumab) demonstrated topline pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) results in comparison to Entyvio® (vedolizumab).  The results came from a double blinded, randomised, single dose study which assessed PB016’s PK/PD and immunogenicity in 120 subjects, and demonstrated that PB016 has comparable PK/PD and immunogenicity to Entyvio®. 

Takeda announced that the FDA accepted its Biologics License Application (BLA) for its subcutaneous formulation of vedolizumab (Entyvio®) for maintenance therapy in patients with moderate to severe active Crohn’s disease after induction therapy with IV Entyvio®.  Currently Takeda’s Entyvio® is formulated and approved in the US for IV use only.

On 30 March 2023, Takeda published a study demonstrating that Entyvio® was more effective than a placebo inducing remission of chronic pouchitis after undergoing ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis.  Shortly prior on 27 March 2023 Takeda secured approval in Japan for Entyvio® SC as maintenance therapy for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis in patients with inadequate response to conventional treatment.

A Takeda study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that vedolizumab was more effective than a placebo at inducing remission in patients with chronic pouchitis after undergoing ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC).  31% of patients who received Takeda’s Entyvio®/Kynteles®/MLN0002 (vedolizumab) were in remission after 14 weeks, compared to 10% who received the placebo.

In March 2023, Takeda received Japanese approval for subcutaneous Entyvio® as maintenance therapy for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis in patients with inadequate response to conventional treatment.

Takeda Pharmaceuticals announced that it received approval from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare to manufacture and market its subcutaneous (SC) formulation of vedolizumab, Entyvio®.  The approval covers both pens and syringes for SC injection.  The SC products were approved as maintenance therapy for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis in patients with inadequate response to conventional treatment.

Genentech has filed separate complaints against Biogen (in the US District Court Northern District of California) and Millennium (in the Superior Court of State of California) alleging breach of their respective licences to the Cabilly patents.  The Cabilly patents related to methods of manufacturing antibodies, and was one of the most widely licensed patent families in the biotechnology industry.  The last of the US pre-GATT filed “submarine” patents counterparts expired on 18 December 2018. 

The Complaint against Millennium (23-CIV-00924) alleges that Millennium’s Entyvio® (vedolizumab) product was manufactured in accordance with the Cabilly patents and royalties were paid to Genentech until the Cabilly patent expired.  Genentech argue that Millennium’s stockpile of Entyvio® which was manufactured before the Cabilly patents expired, but would be sold after 18 December 2018, constituted a “licenced product” and royalties are owed based on the sales of those products.  

The Complaint against Biogen (3:23-cv-909) is similar, but pertains to Biogen’s Tysabri® (natalizumab) product.  Genentech allege that Biogen also owe royalties based on sales of Tysabri® that were manufactured before the Cabilly patents expired but sold after.   

Genentech is unaware of the size of Millennium and Biogen’s respective stockpiles, but claims that they each owe Genentech “tens of millions of dollars in unpaid royalties”. 

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Takeda published the results of Ph III trials of vedolizumab in the prevention of intestinal acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).  Takeda reported that the study met its primary endpoint, with vedolizumab achieving a statistically significant improvement in intestinal aGvHD-free survival versus placebo by Day 180 after allo-HSCT.

Spherix reports that the EU market for AbbVie’s Humira® has been negatively impacted by gastroenterologists increasingly prescribing alternative mechanism of action agents, including Stelara® (ustekinumab) and Entyvio® (vedolizumab) for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) and the increased prescription of adalimumab biosimilars. These increases have come at a cost to AbbVie, with use of Humira® in UC and CD decreasing in the EU.